Prediction of potential suitable habitats of Haemphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province based on the maximum entropy model / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To predict the potential suitable habitat of Haemaphysalis concinna in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios. Methods The geographic locations of ticks in Heilongjiang Province from 1980 to 2022 were captured from literature review and field ticks monitoring data from Harbin Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Heilongjiang Province, and the tick distribution sites with spatial correlations were removed using the software ArcGIS 10.2. The environment data under historical climatic scenarios from 1970 to 2000 and the climatic shared socioeconomic pathways (SSP) 126 scenario model from 2021 to 2040 and from 2041 to 2060 were downloaded from the WorldClim website, and the elevation (1 km, 2010), population (1 km grid population dataset of China, 2010) and annual vegetation index (1 km, 2010) data were downloaded from the Resource and Environmental Science and Data Center, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The contribution of environmental factors to H. concinna distribution was evaluated and environmental variables were screened using the software MaxEnt 3.4.1 and R package 4.1.0, and the areas of suitable habitats of H. concinna and changes in center of gravity were analyzed using the maximum entropy model in Heilongjiang Province under different climatic scenarios. In addition, the accuracy of the maximum entropy model for prediction of H. concinna distribution was assessed using the area under curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve. Results A total of 79 H. concinna distribution sites and 24 environmental variables were collected, and 70 H. concinna distribution sites and 9 environmental factors that contributed to distribution of the potential suitable habitats of H. concinna in Heilongjiang Province were screened. The three most significant contributing factors included precipitation seasonality, annual precipitation, and mean temperature of the driest quarter, with cumulative contributions of 60.7%. The total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna was 29.05 × 104 km2 in Heilongjiang Province under historical climatic scenarios, with the center of gravity of suitable habitats located at (47.31° N, 129.16° E), while the total area of suitable habitats of H. concinna reduced by 0.97 × 104 km2 in Heilongjiang Province under the climatic SSP126 scenario from 2041 to 2060, with the center of gravity shifting to (47.70° N, 129.28° E). Conclusions The distribution of suitable habitats of H. concinna strongly correlates with temperature and humidity in Heilongjiang Province. The total area of potential suitable habitats of H. concinna may appear a tendency towards a decline with climatic changes in Heilongjiang Province, and high-, medium- and low-suitable habitats may shift.

Status quo of frailty and its influential factors among the community-dwelling elderly / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To investigate and analyze the status quo and influential factors of the elderly in the community.Methods:From July to September 2021, 543 elderly people were investigated in 9 community healthcare service centers in Hangzhou by using the Comprehensive Frailty Assessment Instrument (including four dimensions: physical, psychological, social, and environmental frailty) and the Social Support Rating Scale (including three dimensions: subjective support, objective support, and support availability). Independent sample t-test, analysis of variance, correlation analysis, and multiple linear regression were conducted to examine key determinants of frailty. Results:The total score of frailty among older adults in the community was (43.1±12.0). The results showed that the total score of social support was negatively associated with frailty of community-dwelling older adults ( r=-0.449, P<0.01); age ≥80 years old ( β=0.229, P<0.001) was positively associated with frailty; not living alone, children′s household support, children′s spiritual support, the accessibility of elderly care facilities within a 15-minute walk, and social support score were negatively associated with frailty ( β=-0.118, -0.081, -0.260, -0.155, -0.250,all P<0.05). Conclusion:The elderly in the community have a moderate degree of frailty, which affected by age, living condition, children′s support, the accessibility of elderly care facilities, and social support.

Cross-sectional study of association between dietary pattern and cognitive performance in people aged 50 and above years in Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective: To investigate the association between dietary pattern and cognitive performance in local residents aged ≥50 years in Shanghai. Methods: Data were obtained from the second round of Study of Global Ageing and Adult Health (SAGE) survey in Shanghai. Dietary patterns were surveyed by factor analysis. Cognitive tests were conducted to assess subjects' cognitive performance, including verbal recall, verbal fluency and digit test. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between dietary patterns and cognition performance. Results: A total of 4 132 subjects with complete dietary and cognitive performance test data were included. Factor analysis was used to obtain three dietary patterns: including plant-based pattern, high animal-food pattern, high salt-oil pattern. After controlling for gender, age, education level and other factors, it was found that plant-based pattern (β=0.26,95%CI: 0.17-0.36) and high animal-food pattern (β=0.18, 95%CI:0.06-0.29) were positively associated with total cognitive test score while high salt-oil pattern (β=-0.28, 95%CI:-0.85--0.07) was negatively associated with verbal fluency test score. Conclusion: A dietary pattern with high intake of plant food and appropriate intake of animal food might be associated with better cognitive function of residents aged ≥50 years.

Association between the Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte Ratio and New-onset Subclinical Macrovascular and Microvascular Diseases in the Chinese Population / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The association between neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) with subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases has been less investigated. We sought to examine the association between NLR and new-onset subclinical macrovascular and microvascular abnormalities in the Chinese population.@*METHODS@#From a community cohort, we included 6,430 adults aged ≥ 40 years without subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases at baseline. We measured subclinical macrovascular and microvascular abnormalities separately using the ankle-brachial index (ABI), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and albuminuria.@*RESULTS@#During a mean follow-up of 4.3 years, 110 participants developed incident abnormal ABI, 746 participants developed incident elevated baPWV, and 503 participants developed incident albuminuria. Poisson regression analysis indicated that NLR was significantly associated with an increased risk of new-onset abnormal ABI, elevated baPWV, and albuminuria. Compared to overweight/obese participants, we found a much stronger association between NLR and subclinical vascular abnormalities in participants with normal weight. Furthermore, we found an interaction between the NLR and body mass index (BMI) on the risk of new-onset abnormal ABI ( P for interaction: 0.01).@*CONCLUSION@#NLR was associated with subclinical macrovascular and microvascular diseases in the Chinese population. Furthermore, in participants with normal weight, the association between NLR and subclinical vascular abnormalities was much stronger.

Association of Visit-to-Visit Variabilities in Metabolic Factors with Chronic Kidney Disease in Chinese Adults Living in Shanghai / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

Objective@#This study aimed to examine the association of visit-to-visit variabilities in metabolic factors with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Shanghai community residents.@*Methods@#We used data from a cohort study of community residents who participated in three examinations in 2008, 2009, and 2013, respectively. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level, blood pressure (BP), and lipid levels were determined in 2,109 participants at all three visits, and CKD was evaluated between the second and the third visits. Visit-to-visit variabilities in metabolic factors were described by coefficients of variation (CV) at three visits. A variability score was calculated by adding the numbers of metabolic factors with a high variability defined as the highest quartile of CV. CKD was defined as the estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min per 1.73 m @*Results@#A total of 200 (9.5%) participants had CKD at the third visit. Compared with the lowest quartile of CV, the highest quartile was associated with a 70% increased risk of CKD for FPG [odds ratio, @*Conclusion@#The visit-to-visit variabilities in metabolic factors were significantly associated with the risks of CKD in Shanghai community residents.

Effect of oral health education on oral health of deaf-mute students / 上海预防医学

Objective:This study was to explore the effect of HBM-based education and to help establish the measures on improving oral health status in deaf-dumb students. Methods:A total of 152 students aged 9-18 from two deaf-mute schools in Jing'an District， Shanghai were selected. The study subjects were randomly assigned to either experimental or control group. Students in the control group received oral health education with sign language every 6 months， and students in the experimental group received oral health education based on HBM. Before and two years after the intervention， data were collected by oral examinations and questionnaires. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical processing of the data. Results:Before the intervention， there was no significant difference between the control group and the experimental group in caries rate， soft scale detection rate， calculus detection rate， caries average， debris index and calculus index. After the intervention， the caries rate （47.3% vs 68.5%）， soft scale detection rate （77.0% vs 91.8%）， and calculus detection rate （37.8% vs 58.9%） in the experimental group were all significantly （P<0.05） lower than those in the control group. After the intervention， caries average， debris index and calculus index in the experimental group were 1.93±2.25， 0.55±0.45， and 0.37±0.50， respectively， while the corresponding values in the control group were 2.82±3.24， 1.17±0.47， and 0.41±0.44. The difference in debris index between two groups was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Oral health education for deaf-mute students based on Health Belief Model（HBM）shows a good effect on improving the oral health. Further oral health education as well as the implementation of intervention measures such as using local fluoride， pit and fissure sealing， and early dental caries filling， are needed to effectively control the occurrence and development of dental caries in deaf-mute students.

Clinical observation of herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency TEAS for asthenospermia and oligospermia / 中国针灸

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical effect of herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for asthenospermia and oligospermia.@*METHODS@#A total of 105 patients with asthenospermia and oligospermia were randomly divided into a combination group, a TEAS group and a medication group, 35 cases in each one. In the medication group, vitamin E capsules, coenzyme Q10 capsules，@*RESULTS@#Compared before treatment, except for the sperm morphology 2 months into treatment in the medication group, the semen routine indexes 2, 3 months into treatment were improved in the 3 groups (@*CONCLUSION@#Herb-separated moxibustion on segmental conception vessel combined with low-frequency TEAS can improve semen routine, reduce sperm oxidative stress damage for patients with asthenospermia and oligospermia, and the clinical efficacy is better than the medication and TEAS.

Relationship between circular RNA and cancer drug resistance / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Circular RNA is a member of the non-coding RNA family and can participate in biological functions in many ways, such as cell proliferation, cell cycle, invasion and metastasis. Recent studies have shown that circular RNA can be involved in post transcriptional regulation by sponge miRNA and RNA binding proteins. Thus, it can affect DNA repair, apoptosis, proliferation, cell transport, and intracellular enzymes those mediate drug resistance, so as to play an important regulatory role in drug resistance. Moreover, it has been confirmed that interfering with the expression of circular RNA can improve the sensitivity of cancer to drugs, suggesting that circular RNA may provide a new target for the study of drug resistance of cancer.

Dental caries and oral cleaning behavior of 3-year-old children in Jing′an District, Shanghai / 上海预防医学

Objective To investigate dental caries in 3-year-old children in Jing′an District of Shanghai and analyze the influence of oral cleaning behavior on caries in children. Methods Six hundread 3-year-old children from 12 kindergartens in Jing′an District, Shanghai were randomly selected by cluster sampling method for oral examination, and a self-administered questionnaire survey on children′s oral cleaning behavior was completed by parents.SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. Results Among the 600 children, the prevalence of dental caries was 42.50%, and the average dmft index was 1.76±2.92.Children who did not brush their teeth had a statistically significant increase in rate of dental caries(χ2=29.995, P < 0.001).Children who brushed their teeth for more than three minutes each time had a statistically significant lower rate of caries(χ2=3.918, P=0.048).Children whose parents helped their children brush their teeth every day had a lower rate of caries than those who brushed teeth by themselves, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=8.718, P=0.013).Logistic regression analysis showed that age of beginning brushing teeth, times of brushing teeth per day and length of brushing teeth per time were all influence factors for caries in children (P < 0.05). Conclusion For the prevention and control of dental caries in 3-year-old, proper oral cleaning behavior is very important.We should make parents as a priority group for doing oral hygiene in children.Schools should strengthen oral health education for parents.Medical institutions should guide and monitor the effectiveness of oral hygiene in children.It is important to reduce the rate of dental caries in preschool children from three aspects:family, school and medical institutions.

Evaluation of frailty in people aged 50 years and above in Shanghai / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To evaluate frailty in people aged 50 years and above in Shanghai. Methods Cross-sectional data was collected from 2009 to 2010 among people aged 50 and above in Shanghai in the World Health Organization (WHO) study on global AGEing and adult health (SAGE) wave 1. A frailty index (FI) was constructed as the proportion of deficits in 40 variables. A FI of 0.2 or greater was recognized as approaching a frail state. Results A total of 8 632 participants were included, with average age of 63.3 years. The overall weighted prevalence of frailty was 7.8% (95% CI: 5.8-10.4%), the score of FI was 0.08 (95% CI: 0.07-0.09), which were both higher among women, elderly people, the divorced (separated/widowed) and individuals with lower levels of education and wealth. In addition, Ageing, insufficient intake of vegetable and fruit and low level of physical activity were significantly associated with frailty and higher FI. Conclusions Our study provides the epidemiological characteristics of frailty in people aged 50 years and older in Shanghai. It highlights the need for targeted preventive approaches and support programs to promote physical, psychological and social health in elderly people.

Comparison of the two magnetic resonance deartifact techniques in imaging of different porcelain-fused-to-metal crowns / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#This study aimed to compare the porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crown artifact in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the two magnetic resonance deartifact techniques in studying the application value of the propeller-fast spin-echo T2-weighted sequence (FSE T2WI) in troubleshooting PFM crown artifacts.@*METHODS@#A total of 48 patients with right mandible first molar crown who underwent MRI head examination were chosen as subjects in the study. According to different metal substrates, PFM crowns were divided to three types, namely, nickel-chromium alloy crown, cobalt-chromium alloy crown and titanium crown. The patients received two MRI scan sequences, that is, FSE T2WI and propeller-FSE T2WI sequences. The MRI artifacts areas in two sequences were measured.@*RESULTS@#The difference between FSE T2WI and propeller-FSE T2WI sequences in three kinds of PFM crown was significant (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Propeller-FSE T2WI sequence technique can effectively reduce the metal artifacts of various PFM crowns.

Association between Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaque Composition and Cardiovascular Disease Risk / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The objective of this study is to determine whether coronary atherosclerotic plaque composition is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in Chinese adults.@*METHODS@#We performed a cross-sectional analysis in 549 subjects without previous diagnosis or clinical symptoms of CVD in a community cohort of middle-aged Chinese adults. The participants underwent coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography for the evaluation of the presence and composition of coronary plaques. CVD risk was evaluated by the Framingham risk score (FRS) and the 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score.@*RESULTS@#Among the 549 participants, 267 (48.6%) had no coronary plaques, 201 (36.6%) had noncalcified coronary plaques, and 81 (14.8%) had calcified or mixed coronary plaques. The measures of CVD risk including FRS and ASCVD risk score and the likelihood of having elevated FRS significantly increased across the groups of participants without coronary plaques, with noncalcified coronary plaques, and with calcified or mixed coronary plaques. However, only calcified or mixed coronary plaques were significantly associated with an elevated ASCVD risk score [odds ratio (OR) 2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09-5.32] compared with no coronary plaques, whereas no significant association was found for noncalcified coronary plaques and elevated ASCVD risk score (OR 1.25; 95% CI 0.71-2.21) after multivariable adjustment.@*CONCLUSION@#Calcified or mixed coronary plaques might be more associated with an elevated likelihood of having CVD than noncalcified coronary plaques.

Ideal Cardiovascular Health is Inversely Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis: A Prospective Analysis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#Ideal cardiovascular health (CVH) could predict a lower risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. This study was conducted to investigate the association between ideal CVH and subclinical atherosclerosis in a population cohort of Chinese adults aged ⪖ 40 years.@*METHODS@#This study was designed as a cross-sectional analysis of 8,395 participants who had complete data at baseline and a prospective analysis of 4,879 participants who had complete data at 4.3 years of follow-up. Ideal CVH metrics were defined according to the American Heart Association. Subclinical atherosclerosis was evaluated by plaques in carotid arteries, carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR).@*RESULTS@#Both the prevalence and incidence of atherosclerosis measures were found to be decreased with increasing numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline (all P values for trend < 0.01). The levels of CIMT and UACR at follow-up showed an inverse and significant association with the numbers of ideal CVH metrics at baseline (both P values for trend < 0.05) but a borderline significant association with baPWV (P for trend = 0.0505). Taking participants with 0-1 ideal metric as reference, we found that participants with 5-6 ideal metrics had significantly lower risks of developing carotid plaques (odds ratio, OR = 0.46; 95% confidence interval, CI 0.27-0.79), increased CIMT (OR = 0.60; 95% CI 0.42-0.84), and increased baPWV (OR = 0.57; 95% CI 0.34-0.97) after full adjustments. A significant interactive effect of age and CVH was detected on CIMT and baPWV progression (both P values for interaction < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#The numbers of ideal CVH metrics showed a significant and inverse association with the risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged and elderly Chinese adults, whereas its dose-response effect was attenuated in individuals aged ≥ 60 years and partially weakened in male participants.

Therapeutic Effect of Lai's Acupuncture Therapy Combined with Chinese Herbal Decoction in Treating Infertility with Ovulatory Dysfunction / 广州中医药大学学报

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Lai's acupuncture therapy combined with Chinese herbal decoction for the treatment of infertility with ovulatory dysfunction, and to summarize the experience of Professor Lai Xin-Sheng in treating infertility. Methods Ninety-six infertility patients with ovulatory dysfunction were randomized into treatment group and control group, 48 cases in each group. The treatment group was treated with Lai's Tongyuan acupuncture therapy for regulating Governor Vessel to tranquilize mind, inducing meridian Qi to original Qi, and was also given oral use of Chinese herbal decoction of Lai's Yiyun Recipe for promoting gestation. The control group was treated with Chinese herbal decoction alone. The treatment began exactly after the completion of menstruation period and lasted 15 days for one treatment course, covering 3 courses. And then the patients of the two groups were followed-up for 3 months. Therapeutic effect and pregnancy rate were evaluated after treatment, serum levels of estradiol and progesterone were examined, and abdominal ultrasonography was used for monitoring the maximum diameter of the dominant follicles and endometrial thickness before and after treatment. Results (1) Three cases from the treatment group and 5 cases from the control group were dropped out, and the final case number in the treatment group and control group was 45, 43 respectively. (2) The total efficiency of the treatment group was 88.9％, and that of the control group was 81.4％. The effect of the treatment group was better than that of the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The pregnancy rate of the treatment group was 73.3％, higher than that of the control group (51.2％), the difference being significant (P < 0.05). (4) After treatment, the maximum diameter of the dominant follicles and endometrial thickness in the two groups were obviously improved(P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment), and the improvement in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group (P < 0.05). (5) After treatment, the serum levels of estradiol and progesterone in the two groups were obviously improved(P < 0.05 compared with those before treatment) , and the improvement in the treatment group was superior to that in the control group(P < 0.05). Conclusion The therapeutic effect of Lai's acupuncture therapy combined with Chinese herbal decoction is superior to that of Chinese herbal decoction alone, showing an obvious synergistic effect by shortening the course of treatment and enhancing pregnancy rate.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Medication in Treating Chronic Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus medication in treating chronic pelvic inflammatory disease. Method By using the random number table, sixty-eight patients with chronic pelvic inflammatory disease were randomized into an acupuncture-medication group of 34 cases and a medication group of 34 cases. The clinical efficacies were compared after 2 courses of treatment, and the symptoms and body signs scores and syndrome score of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) were also compared. Result There was a significant difference in comparing the therapeutic efficacy between the acupuncture-medication group and the medication group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the symptoms and body signs scores and TCM syndrome score dropped significantly in both groups (P<0.05), indicating that the two groups both had improvement in the symptoms, body signs and TCM syndrome; there were significant between-group differences in comparing the score differences in the symptoms and body signs scores and TCM syndrome score after the treatment (P<0.05), and the acupuncture-medication group was higher than the medication group. Conclusion Acupuncture plus medication can better ameliorate the symptoms and body signs and TCM syndrome in chronic pelvic inflammatory disease.

Analysis on the major chronic non-communicable diseases and associated common risk factors among Chinese middle-aged and older population / 上海预防医学

Objective To estimate the prevalence of eight chronic non-communicable diseases ( NCDs) and associated common risk factors among Chinese middle-aged and older population . Methods The prevalence of eight NCDs and five common risk factors for NCDs among adults aged 50 years and older were estimated based on the survey data from SAGE-China wave Ⅰ.Ordinal logistic regression models were performed to examine the associated risk factors and social determinates for multiple chronic conditions . Results Adjusting for design weights and post-stratification , the proportions of insufficient vegetables and fruits intake ,low level of physical activity , current daily smoking use , obesity and frequent heavy drinker were 35.6%, 28.1%, 26.7%, 12.8% and 6.3%, respectively.And the prevalence of hypertension , arthritis, angina, chronic lung disease , diabetes, stroke, asthma and depression were 61.3%, 22.0%, 7.9%, 7.9%, 6.6%, 3.1%, 1.9%and 0.3%, separately.The proportion of multiple chronic condi-tions was 28.4%.The older elderly, women, living in the urban, more risk factors would increase the risk of multiple chronic conditions . Conclusion The prevalence of NCDs is very high and multiple chronic conditions are common among middle-aged and older population .Hence, more attentions should be paid and multiple effective control measures should be taken .

Updates on the etiology of narcolepsy in western and traditional Chinese medicine / 国际儿科学杂志

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder,and a main cause for excessive daytime sleepiness. It is accompanied by cataplexy,sleep paralysis and sleep hallucinations,collectively known as tetralogy of narcolep-sy. Research progresses in the pathogenesis of narcolepsy are briefly summarized in this article,paving directions for further research. Both the realm of western and Chinese traditional medicine are concerned. Western medicine stated that it′s pathogenesis is closely related to orexin and HLA-DQB1?0602. In addition,recent studies from countries in Western Europe(UK,Finland,and Sweden)have indicated that the use of H1N1 influenza vaccine gives rise to incidence of the narcolepsy as well. From the realm of Chinese medicine,upsetting the balance of Yin-Yang and Yin-Wei are also possible causes attributed to the disease. In the case of child narcolepsy,the con-dition of the patient′s internal organs is also highly concerned.

Epidemiological characteristics and control status of hypertension in rural area of the Three Gorges / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the epidemiological features and control status of hypertension in rural area of The Three Gorges.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional survey was carried out in rural area of Yiling District, Yichang City, which was located north-west bank of Xiling Gorges in 2007. A standard structure questionnaire was used to collect data on the hypertension history and treatment, social-economic status and life-styles, and so on. Blood pressure was measured by trained observers using standardized mercury sphygmomanometer. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mm Hg, or current treatment with antihypertensive medications. Hypertension control was defined as blood pressure levels of less than 140/90 mm Hg.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>A total of 9618 residents aged 35 years and above were included (response rate: 81.3%), and 19.7% residents were the Three Gorges migrants. The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension was 37.3% for all, and 21.3%, 39.8%, 58.0% for aged 35 - 44, 45 - 59, ≥ 60 years, respectively. The age-adjusted rate was higher in men for all (39.1%) and aged 35 - 44 years (27.0%) than in women (36.3% for all and 17.8% for aged 35 - 44 years, P < 0.01). The age-adjusted rate of awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension were lower in men (18.5%, 9.0%, 0.9%, respectively) than in women (23.5%, 13.6%, 2.0%, respectively, all P < 0.01). Among the participants with treated hypertension, the control rate of hypertension was only 17.0%. Prevalence and rate of awareness, treatment and control of hypertension were similar between migrants and non-migrants.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The prevalence of hypertension is high, but the awareness, treatment, control rates were low in rural area of Yiling District. Efforts should be made to reduce the prevalence rate and to improve the control rate of hypertension in this area.</p>

Transthoracic echocardiography in transcatheter closure of atrial septal aneurysm combined with secoundum-type atrial septal defect / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the value of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) in transcatheter closure of atrial septal aneurysm (ASA) combined with secoundum-type atrial septal defect (ASD).@*METHODS@#Fourteen patients (3 males and 11 females) who had ASA combined with secoundum-type ASD were diagnosed by TTE or transesophageal echocardiography. The ASA projected to the right atrium in all patients. The width of basilar part was 13 approximately 24 (18.5+/-3.9) mm, and the vertical extent was 7 approximately 11(9.7+/-1.8) mm. Ten patients combined with single hole ASD and 4 patients with multiple hole ASD. Blood shifting from the left atrium to the right atrium was displayed in color Doppler in all patients. All patients were treated by transcatheter closure under the guiding of X fluoroscopy and TTE, and examined with TTE during the follow-up.@*RESULTS@#Transcatheter closure was successfully performed by 14 occluders in all patients. No residual shunt was detected immediately by TTE after the procedure in all patients. During the 6 approximately 12 month follow-up, no residual shunt or occluder shifting was found, the dimensions of the heart became normal in 11 patients (79%) and were significantly decreased in 4.@*CONCLUSION@#Transcatheter closure is feasible in patients with ASA combined with secoundum-type ASD, and extra attention must be paid to the specialty. TTE is very important in case selection before transcatheter closure, and it may be used to monitor and guide the procedure during transcatheter closure.

Serum level of homocysteine and the development of collateral circulation in patients with severe coronary artery stenosis / 中南大学学报(医学版)

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the relationship between serum level of homocysteine and the development of collaterals in patients with severe coronary artery stenosis (SCAS).@*METHODS@#Eighty patients with at least one vessel stenosis over 90% among the 3 main vessels of coronary artery were consecutively enrolled into the study according to angiographic estimation. The development of collaterals was classified by Rentrop's method.@*RESULTS@#The serum levels of homocysteine among the single-vessel, bi-vessel and tri-vessel coronary artery disease groups had no significant difference; there was no linear correlation between the serum level of homocysteine and Gensini's score. The level of homocysteine in the poorly developed collaterals was significantly higher than that in the well-developed collaterals in the SCAS patients (P<0.001). Multiple stepwise logistic analysis revealed that homocysteine negatively correlated with the development of collaterals (P<0.001, odds ratio=0.353; 95% confidence interval=0.201 - 0.620), whereas it positively correlated with the number of stenosis vessels.@*CONCLUSION@#The serum level of homocysteine is independently and negatively associated with the development of collateral circulation in severe SCAs patients.